Desde el Sur
type: channel
description: Desde el Sur (ISSN print version: 2076-2674; ISSN online version: 2415-0959) is a peer-reviewed journal from the Innovation, Research and Development Directorate of the Scientific University of the South (Lima, Peru) founded in 2009 and currently appearing four times per year. It publishes new social sciences articles, essays, and reviews (hereinafter “articles”) written by researchers worldwide from the perspective of Latin America or with a focus on the region. The areas of particular focus are education, gender studies, political science, anthropology, sociology, critical cultural studies, creative and cultural industries, and communication and media studies. The electronic version of Desde el Sur is free of charge.
publisher: Universidad Cientifica del Sur
language: en
publication name: Desde el Sur
issn: 2076-2674
copyright: Esta obra está bajo una licencia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
items: How to tell the environment: characteristics and trends of environmental narratives in megadiverse countries
items: The role of emotions in disinformation during the election campaign
items: Fake news, disinformation, and media literacy in Ibero-America: A necessary debate
items: The Meme as a State Communication Tool: Analysis of Reniec’s Digital Strategy on Facebook and Its Impact on Citizen EngagementStrategy on Facebook and Its Impact on Citizen Engagement
items: Disinformation as a Form of Social Injustice
items: «The world upside down»: resistance and cultural adaptation among the Indians of Lima in the early 17th century
items: Comparative mapping of political disinformation in Ibero-America: the cases of Argentina and Spain
items: Territory and decolonization carried out in praxis
items: Digital Literacy and Resilient Citizenship: Empirical Evidence fromChilean Future Teachers in the Face of Post-Truth
items: Managing the Noise: Discreet Verification and Disinformation Practices Among Peruvian Students
items: From #ForYou to the vote: Expressive and informative strategies of LatinAmerican presidential candidates on TikTok
items: Disinformation and discursive hegemony in Peru: A critical analysis of the PIACI case and environmental NGOs
items: Synthetic Verisimilitude and Epistemic Regimes in Algorithmic Culture: Affective and Sociotechnical Reconfigurations of Truth
items: Laboratory of creation and intercultural pedagogy: pedagogical experiences of teacher artists in training
items: Gamified MIL and teenagers democratic values: the case of study of the European Parliament Virtual Role Play Game
items: Indigenous narratives and Amazonian territories: a critical review of the concepts and methodologies of academic literature
items: The Precautionary Principle in the Architecture of Climate Denialism: A Critical Reading from Cass Sunstein
items: Democratic Reflexes (in the EU, Spain and Türkiye): How Defensive and Militant Logics Shape Anti-Disinformation Policies
items: Gender Roles and Territorial Governance in Highland Andean Areas as Key knowledge to Biodiversity Conservation: The Case of San Pedro de Churco, Peru
items: Sociocultural Representations and the Construction of Citizenship among San Cristóbal Students, Ayacucho
items: Silenced voices: Incorporating a gender perspective into History textbooks in Chile
items: Changes in the contraventional regulations in Córdoba Province (Argentina): impact on police intervention modes regarding marginalized youth.
items: Factors associated with the probability of dropout in graduate students in Peruvian Universities in Metropolitan Lima
items: Ventura García Calderón and José de la Riva-Agüero through their correspondence (1906-1938)
items: Social imaginaries of security and crime in Chilean digital written press
items: Floodplain cocoa as an expression of amazonian socio-biodiversity: The experience of the Tocantins Integration Region, Pará
items: Decolonial Feminist Agency: Resistance of Landless Women at the Intersection of Gender and Nature
items: Territory and coloniality: Contemporary onto-epistemological gentrifications
items: Unveiling authoritarian repression of insurgency in José Ricardo Morales’ play Los culpables
items: Indigenous Thought and Curricula in Public Policies: Is Epistemic Decolonization Possible from Mexican Universities?

How to tell the environment: characteristics and trends of environmental narratives in megadiverse countries
type: item
description: This study analyzes the characteristics and trends of environmental journalism in Latin America based on semi-structured interviews with 21 professionals — including journalists and specialized communicators — with the aim of identifying the functions of journalism in the construction of environmental narratives, the structural obstacles they face, and the strategies they use to ensure rigorous and ethical coverage. A qualitative study based on in-depth interviews was conducted, allowing for an exploration of the participants’ experiences and perceptions. The results show that professionals face challenges such as censorship, greenwashing, and job insecurity, and apply strategies such as the use of digital tools, data verification, and collaboration with communities and scientific actors. In conclusion, the study highlights the importance of investigative and contextual journalism capable of addressing the complexity of socio-ecological conflicts and strengthening its role in promoting a critical and engaged environmental communication.
subject: Dossier
  topic: section
subject: Communication
  topic: keywords
subject: environment
  topic: keywords
subject: journalism
  topic: keywords
subject: interview
  topic: keywords
subject: media studies
  topic: disciplines
creator: Natalí Guerrero
creator: Luis M. Romero Rodríguez
creator: Santiago Tejedor
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Natalí Guerrero, Luis M. Romero Rodríguez , Santiago Tejedor
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: e0092
ending page: e0092
doi: 10.21142/DES-1704-2025-0092

The role of emotions in disinformation during the election campaign
type: item
description: This study analyses the use of emotions in disinformation about the 2024 US elections (n=374). To this end, a content análisis was carried out. The findings confirm a strong emotional presence in electoral disinformation (80.7%), particularly in content related to the campaign (56.7%). This strategy is highly prevalent on social media (76.2%), where the main disseminators are anonymous citizens (42.7%). Emotional patterns tend to be predominantly negative (55.9%) and frequently focus on the candidates (36.8%). The Republican Party emerges as the primary disseminator, making greater use of emotional content to attack (72.8%) and to praise its leader (25.6%). Given the central role of these elections, the disinformation strategies observed may be replicated in other contexts. Understanding how these dynamics operate offers valuable insights for analyzing similar cases in other countries, anticipating future trends, and designing mechanisms to counter this phenomenon, which poses a threat to democratic health.
subject: Dossier
  topic: section
subject: disinformation
  topic: keywords
subject: elections
  topic: keywords
subject: emotions
  topic: keywords
subject: negativity
  topic: keywords
subject: social media
  topic: keywords
subject: Social Science
  topic: disciplines
creator: Alba Córdoba-Cabús
creator: Andreu Casero-Ripollés
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Alba Córdoba-Cabús, Andreu Casero-Ripollés
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: e0083
ending page: e0083
doi: 10.21142/DES-1704-2025-0083

Fake news, disinformation, and media literacy in Ibero-America: A necessary debate
type: item
description: Disinformation has become a critical problem in contemporary societies, threatening democratic processes, public health, and social cohesion. In Ibero-America, the spread of fake news and deceptive content has gained prominence over the past decade, driven by the massive penetration of social networks and messaging apps. This article presents a review of scientific literature on fake news and disinformation in the Ibero-American context, with emphasis on the fundamental role of media, information, and digital literacy for future generations. It addresses the concepts of fake news and disinformation, their documented social impacts, and the responses developed by academia and public policy. The review highlights how media and information literacy is emerging as a key strategy —complementing legal and technological measures— to strengthen critical thinking and citizen resilience against disinformation. Likewise, it explores media education initiatives in Ibero-America, including educational programs, fact-checking projects, and recent public policies, revealing achievements and challenges. The literature suggests that integrating media literacy throughout formal education is essential to forge critical and engaged digital citizens. Finally, future perspectives in the fight against disinformation are discussed, underscoring the importance of multisector collaboration involving governments, media, digital platforms, educational institutions, and civil society in building a more truthful and inclusive information culture.
subject: Dossier
  topic: section
subject: Media literacy
  topic: keywords
subject: information literacy
  topic: keywords
subject: disinformation
  topic: keywords
subject: fake news
  topic: keywords
subject: Ibero-America
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Media Studies
  topic: disciplines
creator: Luis M. Romero-Rodriguez
creator: Santiago Tejedor
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Luis M. Romero-Rodriguez, Santiago Tejedor
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: e0079
ending page: e0079
doi: 10.21142/DES-1704-2025-0079

The Meme as a State Communication Tool: Analysis of Reniec’s Digital Strategy on Facebook and Its Impact on Citizen EngagementStrategy on Facebook and Its Impact on Citizen Engagement
type: item
description: The digital transformation has redefined government communication, shifting from one-way models to strategies that leverage digital languages like humor. This article investigates the use of memes on the RENIEC’s Facebook in 2018 to improve engagement with an audience uninterested in formal language. Using qualitative analysis with Atlas.ti, half a hundred pieces and their interaction levels were examined. The results showed an innovative strategy that generated high interaction, with a mostly positive reception but also criticism regarding the exposure of names and service quality, without generating explicit institutional legitimacy. It is concluded that government communication should consider these resources for its reach, although its impact on long-term trust building is limited and ambivalent.
subject: Dossier
  topic: section
subject: Government communication
  topic: keywords
subject: communication strategy
  topic: keywords
subject: identity
  topic: keywords
subject: interaction
  topic: keywords
subject: digital community
  topic: keywords
subject: Facebook
  topic: keywords
subject: meme
  topic: keywords
subject: Reniec
  topic: keywords
subject: media studies
  topic: disciplines
creator: Luis Alberto Santolalla Huerto
creator: Raúl Castro Pérez
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Luis Alberto Santolalla Huerto, Raúl Castro Pérez
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: e0089
ending page: e0089
doi: 10.21142/DES-1704-2025-0089

Disinformation as a Form of Social Injustice
type: item
description: In this essay I argue that the practice of disinformation is a form of social injustice, since it is an attempt to harm the individual´s capacity to participate in the democratic process of discussion of public issues. After reviewing the importance that truth has in the life of individual and communities and surveying, following John Dewey, the concept of the public, I posit that to disinform, that is to intentionally propagate false information regarding a topic of public interest, constitute an attack on the dignity of the person, since this dignity is grounded on the individual´s ability to engage in the justification of social and political norms.
subject: Dossier
  topic: section
subject: Public
  topic: keywords
subject: dignity
  topic: keywords
subject: autonomy
  topic: keywords
subject: truth
  topic: keywords
subject: disinformation
  topic: keywords
subject: Philosophy
  topic: disciplines
creator: Carlos Alberto de la Puente
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Carlos Alberto de la Puente Arbaiza
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: e0080
ending page: e0080
doi: 10.21142/DES-1704-2025-0080

«The world upside down»: resistance and cultural adaptation among the Indians of Lima in the early 17th century
type: item
description: The manifestations of resistance and cultural adaptation among the indigenous immigrant population in the city of Lima at the beginning of the 17th century are analyzed. For this purpose, historical and documentary information was reviewed, mainly the records of the Lima Indian Registry from 1613. It was found that among the Indian immigrants there were manifestations of cultural resistance at the level of identity, work activity, social organization, consumption habits, and the continuity of some cultural traditions. But there were also manifestations of adaptation of Christian-Hispanic names, practice of Spanish artisan trades, participation in Catholic traditions, ladinization, formation of artisan guilds and Indian brotherhoods. It was concluded that resistance as well as cultural adaptation developed in a complementary way, thus learning the Spanish language, the economic activity carried out and Christianization not only allowed them to integrate into society, but also to respond from a better position.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Cultural resistance
  topic: keywords
subject: cultural adaptation
  topic: keywords
subject: immigrant Indians
  topic: keywords
subject: urban indians
  topic: keywords
subject: history of Lima
  topic: keywords
subject: history
  topic: disciplines
creator: José Javier Vega Loyola
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 José Javier Vega Loyola
date: 2025-08-29
publication date: 2025-08-29
starting page: e0063
ending page: e0063
doi: 10.21142/DES-1703-2025-0063

Comparative mapping of political disinformation in Ibero-America: the cases of Argentina and Spain
type: item
description: In the current Ibero-American context, marked by growing polarization, political disinformation has intensified through speeches delivered by political leaders on social media, in the press, and in institutional settings. This research analyzes 466 messages identified as disinformation in 2023 by Chequeado (Argentina) and Newtral (Spain), coinciding with national elections in both countries. A mixed-methods approach is applied, based on content analysis, considering the type of disinformation, topics, dissemination channels, and the classification provided by the fact-checking agencies. The findings reveal similarities in the most frequent themes and types of informational disorder, but also differences in the platforms used to spread disinformation. A significant presence of misleading messages in institutional and media contexts is particularly notable, highlighting the direct involvement of political actors in disinformation and its impact on the public agenda, especially in a scenario of rising far-right parties.
subject: Dossier
  topic: section
subject: Disinformation
  topic: keywords
subject: Argentine
  topic: keywords
subject: Spain
  topic: keywords
subject: Fact-checking
  topic: keywords
subject: political communication
  topic: keywords
subject: Communication Science
  topic: disciplines
creator: Cristina Renedo-Farpón
creator: Natalia Neira Carrión
creator: Ana Slimovich
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Cristina Renedo-Farpón, Natalia Neira Carrión, Ana Slimovich
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: e0084
ending page: e0084
doi: 10.21142/DES-1704-2025-0084

Territory and decolonization carried out in praxis
type: item
description: -
subject: Editorial
  topic: section
subject: territory
  topic: keywords
subject: Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Marcos Aurelio Saquet
creator: Cristina Maria Macêdo de Alencar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Marcos Aurelio Saquet, Cristina Maria Macêdo de Alencar
date: 2025-08-29
publication date: 2025-08-29
starting page: e0038
ending page: e0038
doi: 10.21142/DES-1703-2025-0038

Digital Literacy and Resilient Citizenship: Empirical Evidence fromChilean Future Teachers in the Face of Post-Truth
type: item
description: In a context of post-truth and low institutional trust, teacher training acquires strategic relevance. This study investigates the extent to which digital literacy among future teachers strengthens their capacity to detect and counteract fake news in the classroom. A 30-item questionnaire was administered to a convenience sample of 215 future teachers from a Chilean university. A structural equation model was used to examine the relationships between digital literacy, perceived civic responsibility, and pedagogical self-efficacy in the face of disinformation. The model showed a good fit and demonstrated that digital competencies significantly predict civic responsibility and pedagogical self-efficacy. Furthermore, civic responsibility partially mediated the relationship between digital literacy and self-efficacy. These findings support the integration of cognitive media literacy with the concept of resilient citizenship, as they provide evidence of the counter-majoritarian nature of education in polarized contexts.
subject: Dossier
  topic: section
subject: Digital literacy
  topic: keywords
subject: civic responsibility
  topic: keywords
subject: pedagogical selfefficacy
  topic: keywords
subject: digital competence
  topic: keywords
subject: citizenship
  topic: keywords
subject: Social Sciences
  topic: disciplines
creator: María Teresa Castañeda Díaz
creator: Susana Riquelme Parra
creator: Manuel Pereira Barahona
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 María Teresa Castañeda Díaz, Susana Riquelme Parra, Manuel Pereira Barahona
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: e0090
ending page: e0090
doi: 10.21142/DES-1704-2025-0090

Managing the Noise: Discreet Verification and Disinformation Practices Among Peruvian Students
type: item
description: The circulation of disinformation is a structural feature of young people’s informational habitat in Latin America. This study aimed to explore how Peruvian female university students confront disinformation and what fact-checking strategies they develop. Six in-person focus groups were conducted with 36 Communication students (aged 18-21) and analyzed through thematic coding. Findings show that disinformation is perceived as an inevitable part of their digital diet and managed through situational adaptation processes that generate ambiguities between confidence and vulnerability, credibility and consumption, and tensions in family and peer relationships. The Bad News game was received with interest but also raised ethical concerns about producing false content. We conclude that students deploy discreet and silent verification practices that, although effective, remain invisible in conventional indicators of digital citizenship.
subject: Dossier
  topic: section
subject: Information literacy
  topic: keywords
subject: Media education
  topic: keywords
subject: Access to information
  topic: keywords
subject: Gender roles
  topic: keywords
subject: University students
  topic: keywords
subject: media studies
  topic: disciplines
creator: Julio-César Mateus
creator: Elohim Monard
creator: Lucia Ballesteros-Aguayo
creator: Manuel Etesse
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Julio-César Mateus, Elohim Monard, Lucia Ballesteros-Aguayo, Manuel Etesse
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: e0088
ending page: e0088
doi: 10.21142/DES-1704-2025-0088

From #ForYou to the vote: Expressive and informative strategies of LatinAmerican presidential candidates on TikTok
type: item
description: TikTok has established itself as a key space for political communication in Latin America, where candidates seek to connect with young audiences through short, visual messages with strong emotional appeal. This study examines the cases of Argentina, Mexico, Ecuador, and El Salvador, selected for their media relevance and the possibility of comparing the same electoral period. Its objective is to analyze how presidential candidates in these countries build identity and mobilize support through discursive strategies on TikTok. The research uses a mixed design that combines content and lexicometric analysis of 1,312 posts published during the 2023 and 2024 campaigns. The results show the predominance of spectacularization and emotional appeal over political deliberation, with variations associated with each country. Overall, TikTok appears as a shared regional space, fragmented in its discourse and strongly oriented toward emotion.
subject: Dossier
  topic: section
subject: Political communication
  topic: keywords
subject: electoral campaigns
  topic: keywords
subject: social media
  topic: keywords
subject: political discourse emotions
  topic: keywords
subject: Political Communication
  topic: disciplines
creator: Gabriela Baquerizo-Neira
creator: Guillermo Bustamante-Pavez
creator: Juan Ignacio Martin Neira
creator: Rodrigo Cisternas Osorio
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Gabriela Baquerizo-Neira, Guillermo Bustamante-Pavez, Juan Ignacio Martin Neira, Rodrigo Cisternas Osorio
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: e0087
ending page: e0087
doi: 10.21142/DES-1704-2025-0087

Disinformation and discursive hegemony in Peru: A critical analysis of the PIACI case and environmental NGOs
type: item
description: Disinformation and defamation campaigns distort people's beliefs and attitudes toward specific issues, peoples, and places. These campaigns are strategically designed to distract audiences, sow distrust, influence policymaking, and reinforce forms of cultural and political hegemony. In Peru, these efforts, traditionally used by powerful economic interest groups to promote their agendas, primarily affect marginalized groups, such as Indigenous communities in the Andean and Amazonian regions. This study examines the discursive strategies and tactics used by these groups regarding the PIACI (Indigenous Peoples in Isolation and Initial Contact) law and the smear campaigns against environmental NGOs, particularly in the context of the proposed law amending the legal framework regulating international cooperation and the work carried out by NGOs (Law Creating the Peruvian Agency for International Cooperation – APCI). Critical discourse analysis was used as a theoretical and methodological tool to examine social media and media posts in Loreto and Lima, triangulated with a qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews with journalists and NGO members in Peru. The results indicate the presence and predominance of the following discourses: sovereignty/unity discourse, development/extractivism discourse, discourse against "extremist NGOs," discourse against disinformation surrounding PIACI and "development," and discourse for the protection of Indigenous peoples/territories/autonomy.
subject: Dossier
  topic: section
subject: NGOs
  topic: keywords
subject: Indigenous peoples
  topic: keywords
subject: discourse
  topic: keywords
subject: disinformation
  topic: keywords
subject: communication
  topic: disciplines
creator: Iasmim Amiden dos Santos
creator: Bruno Takahashi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Iasmim Amiden dos Santos, Bruno Takahashi
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: e0086
ending page: e0086
doi: 10.21142/DES-1704-2025-0086

Synthetic Verisimilitude and Epistemic Regimes in Algorithmic Culture: Affective and Sociotechnical Reconfigurations of Truth
type: item
description: The exponential proliferation of AI-generated content has redefined the epistemic architecture of digital culture, eroding traditional boundaries between truth, falsity, and belief. This study aims to construct a critical theoretical framework for understanding the emergent epistemic regimes of algorithmic culture, focusing on how synthetic verisimilitude is produced, validated, and circulated in AI-mediated environments. Employing a qualitative, exploratory-analytical design grounded in an interpretive and constructivist paradigm, the findings reveal that digital belief is not anchored in empirical validation but in the convergence of emotional resonance, cultural familiarity, and algorithmic amplification. The concept of performative real-syntheticism is advanced to capture this condition, arguing that epistemic authority now derives from algorithmic coherence and affective synchronization rather than factual correspondence. Taken together, restoring epistemic integrity in digital environments demands the cultivation of affective literacy, infrastructural transparency, and collective reflexivity as foundational components of responsible knowledge governance.
subject: Dossier
  topic: section
subject: Artificial intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: disinformation
  topic: keywords
subject: electronic media
  topic: keywords
subject: epistemology
  topic: keywords
subject: information society
  topic: keywords
subject: Social Sciences
  topic: disciplines
creator: Fernando A. Ramos-Zaga
creator: Andherson J. Aguirre-Lanegra
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Fernando A. Ramos-Zaga, Andherson J. Aguirre-Lanegra
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: e0081
ending page: e0081
doi: 10.21142/DES-1704-2025-0081

Laboratory of creation and intercultural pedagogy: pedagogical experiences of teacher artists in training
type: item
description: This article presents the findings of the «Creative Laboratory: Popular and Festive Theatricalities» developed with artist-teachers in training from the Department of Performing Arts at the Universidad Antonio Nariño[1]. It analyzes how this experience strengthened intercultural competencies in diverse school contexts. A research-creation methodology was used, integrating carnival, performance practices, and pedagogical reflection. Data was collected through a focus group with seven participants and semi-structured interviews with six participants who shared their experiences in educational institutions in Bogotá. The results show that participants identified multiple dimensions of diversity and developed pedagogical strategies that promoted intercultural dialogue. Furthermore, the laboratory enhanced critical thinking and positioned art as a means to recognize others, build community, and transform educational practices [1] Private Colombian University.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Art education
  topic: keywords
subject: diversity
  topic: keywords
subject: interculturality
  topic: keywords
subject: performing arts
  topic: keywords
subject: intercultural pedagogical practice.
  topic: keywords
subject: Intercultural Education
  topic: disciplines
creator: Mariana Pita Puerto
creator: Francisco Alexander Llerena Avendaño
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mariana Pita Puerto, Francisco Alexander Llerena Avendaño
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: e0097
ending page: e0097
doi: 10.21142/DES-1704-2025-0097

Gamified MIL and teenagers democratic values: the case of study of the European Parliament Virtual Role Play Game
type: item
description: Media and Information Literacy (MIL) has been considered a mandatory competence for citizens in democratic societies. It has recently enlarged its focus to include disinformation, hate speech or cybersecurity. Gamification and learning by doing are two innovative methodologies of MIL. In this research, nearly 300 Catalan teenagers between 14 and 18 years old took part in a role play, assuming the role of MEPs. A survey was administered before and after the activity, including questions about their knowledge and attitudes to disinformation, European institutions and democratic values. The results show that 40% of participants reported feeling frequently exposed to disinformation, and after the activity, students became more aware of its harmful effects. The workshop fostered knowledge of the European Parliament, but not a positive perception of the institution. Furthermore, 34% of men preferred authoritarianism over democracy, ten percentage points higher than for women.
subject: Dossier
  topic: section
subject: Media and Information Literacy
  topic: keywords
subject: disinformation
  topic: keywords
subject: democracy
  topic: keywords
subject: gamification
  topic: keywords
subject: youth
  topic: keywords
subject: Journalism
  topic: disciplines
creator: Nereida Carrillo
creator: Uxia Carral
creator: Charo Sádaba
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Nereida Carrillo, Uxia Carral, Charo Sádaba
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: e0085
ending page: e0085
doi: 10.21142/DES-1704-2025-0085

Indigenous narratives and Amazonian territories: a critical review of the concepts and methodologies of academic literature
type: item
description: Recent studies on Indigenous literature have explored various concepts to recognize the diverse expressions of Indigenous communities' lives. These approaches aim to represent Indigenous experiences more accurately, traditionally examined through their oral and written literatures, within the context of the growing revaluation of Indigenous territories from political, literary, and social perspectives. The connection between Indigenous territories and narratives extends beyond memories, dreams, and collective stories, also influencing the everyday bodily experiences of individuals in their territorial existence. The purpose of this research is to identify the concepts and methodologies in academic literature that link the various Amazonian territories and Indigenous narratives. To achieve this, a narrative review of 50 articles published in the Scopus, SciELO, and Dimensions databases, relating to territories and Indigenous narratives from the past five years (2019-2024), was conducted. The main results show a diversity of concepts related to indigenous literature such as oralitegrafía, oralitura, oral narration, oral literature, among others. The study concludes that Indigenous narratives related to the Amazonian territory recount the community’s past, its process of inhabiting social space up to the present, and explain the diverse ways of relating to and from it, thus materializing the Amazonian life experience of Indigenous peoples.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: indigenous narratives
  topic: keywords
subject: indigenous literature
  topic: keywords
subject: territory
  topic: keywords
subject: Amazon
  topic: keywords
subject: dreams
  topic: keywords
subject: Cultural studies
  topic: disciplines
creator: Miguel Angulo-Giraldo
creator: Enio Passiani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Miguel Angulo-Giraldo, Enio Passiani
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: e0100
ending page: e0100
doi: 10.21142/DES-1704-2025-0100

The Precautionary Principle in the Architecture of Climate Denialism: A Critical Reading from Cass Sunstein
type: item
description: This article critically analyzes the political paralysis regarding the climate crisis, using Cass Sunstein's theoretical framework to examine how the precautionary principle is instrumentalized by denialism. It demonstrates that denialist and delayist discourses exploit key cognitive biases, such as the "availability heuristic" and "probability neglect," by contrasting the tangible costs of mitigation with the abstract benefits of a stable climate and by dismissing catastrophic scenarios as "alarmist." These biases are socially amplified through "availability cascades" and group polarization. In conclusion, the article argues for the need to abandon naive formulations of the precautionary principle and adopt more robust approaches, such as the "anti-catastrophe principle" and cost-benefit analysis, to build a coherent climate policy that is resilient to manipulation.
subject: Dossier
  topic: section
subject: Precautionary Principle
  topic: keywords
subject: Cass Sunstein
  topic: keywords
subject: Climate Change
  topic: keywords
subject: Disinformation
  topic: keywords
subject: Denialism
  topic: keywords
subject: Cognitive Biases
  topic: keywords
subject: Climate Policy
  topic: keywords
subject: Climate Change
  topic: disciplines
creator: Iván Vargas-Chaves
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Iván Vargas-Chaves
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: e0091
ending page: e0091
doi: 10.21142/DES-1704-2025-0091

Democratic Reflexes (in the EU, Spain and Türkiye): How Defensive and Militant Logics Shape Anti-Disinformation Policies
type: item
description: This study comparatively analyzes the legal regulations regarding the fight against disinformation in the European Union, Spain, and Türkiye within the framework of militant and defensive democracy theories. It emphasizes that the legal approaches of each entity are shaped not only by normative preferences but also by their understandings of freedom of expression and strategies for protecting democratic institutions. The European Union and Spain consider disinformation as a systemic threat and follow a defensive democracy model based on preventive and proportionate measures. In contrast, Türkiye defines disinformation as an individual-based criminal offense and adopts a punitive, content-focused regulatory approach, which aligns more closely with the militant democracy model. The study demonstrates how different political and legal traditions shape approaches to combating disinformation and discusses, on a theoretical level, the balance between freedom of expression and public order.
subject: Dossier
  topic: section
subject: disinformation
  topic: keywords
subject: legal regulation
  topic: keywords
subject: freedom of expression
  topic: keywords
subject: militant democracy
  topic: keywords
subject: defensive democracy
  topic: keywords
subject: European Union
  topic: keywords
subject: Spain
  topic: keywords
subject: Turkey
  topic: keywords
subject: Cultural Studies
  topic: disciplines
creator: Merve Ergüney
creator: Charo Sádaba
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Merve Ergüney, Charo Sádaba
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: e0082
ending page: e0082
doi: 10.21142/DES-1704-2025-0082

Gender Roles and Territorial Governance in Highland Andean Areas as Key knowledge to Biodiversity Conservation: The Case of San Pedro de Churco, Peru
type: item
description: Gender relations within highland Andean communities reveal intricate dynamics in which hierarchical and patriarchal structures coexist alongside evolving socio-economic, cultural, and resistance-driven processes, often led by women. This study explores by first time the gendered roles and interactions in the rural settlement of San Pedro de Churco, located adjacent to the Pampa Hermosa National Sanctuary in central Peru. Employing a methodology of surveys and participant observation, the research investigates how gender dynamics manifest across domestic, healthcare, productive, and social spheres. The findings highlight ongoing transformations, particularly the emerging involvement of young women in territorial governance and local initiatives aimed at sustainable development. The study argues for the integration of a gender-sensitive perspective in environmental conservation and territory policies, as well as in rural planning for sustainable agriculture and livestock practices. Recognising women as key agents of social change is essential to fostering inclusive and sustainable futures within Andean rural contexts.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Gender
  topic: keywords
subject: role
  topic: keywords
subject: women
  topic: keywords
subject: territory
  topic: keywords
subject: conservation
  topic: keywords
subject: Peru
  topic: keywords
subject: Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Susan Mery Medina Canzio
creator: Ines Ruiz Alvarado
creator: Nathaly Estela Ulloa Arias
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Susan Medina, Ines Ruiz Alvarado, Nathaly Estela Ulloa Arias
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: e0093
ending page: e0093
doi: 10.21142/DES-1704-2025-0093

Sociocultural Representations and the Construction of Citizenship among San Cristóbal Students, Ayacucho
type: item
description: This research proposes a broadened understanding of citizenship as a situated and dynamic social practice, extending beyond formal legal frameworks. From an anthropological perspective, it examines how young people in Ayacucho experience and construct citizenship within contexts shaped by structural tensions, family ties, and relations with power. Adopting a sociocultural approach, the study incorporates symbolic, ethical, affective, and communicative dimensions. Through a questionnaire, it explores values such as solidarity, tolerance, and responsibility, and how these are expressed in everyday life. The research also highlights socially problematic practices such as bribery and nepotism, which are understood not merely as anti-values but as adaptive responses to a weak or corrupt institutional environment. Young people oscillate between normative discourses and informal practices, revealing a fragmented form of citizenship. The study concludes that citizenship education should be critical and reflective, taking into account material and symbolic conditions, and promoting situated ethical commitments, particularly in regions marked by exclusion and institutional mistrust.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Social representations
  topic: keywords
subject: citizenship
  topic: keywords
subject: values
  topic: keywords
subject: students
  topic: keywords
subject: Cultural Studies
  topic: disciplines
creator: Juan Benigno Gutierrez Martinez
creator: Juan Ramos Lopez
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Juan Benigno Gutierrez Martinez, Juan Ramos Lopez
date: 2025-08-29
publication date: 2025-08-29
starting page: e0072
ending page: e0072
doi: 10.21142/DES-1703-2025-0072

Silenced voices: Incorporating a gender perspective into History textbooks in Chile
type: item
description: This essay critically analyzes the incorporation of a gender perspective in Chilean history textbooks, highlighting the persistence of androcentric representations that render women invisible as historical agents. Based on a comprehensive review of specialized literature, it identifies mechanisms of symbolic exclusion and the assignment of subordinate roles that reinforce a hierarchical model of citizenship and restrict the development of a critical and plural historical consciousness. It also analyzes the tensions between the patriarchal canon that still dominates school narratives and the growing social demands for a more inclusive and equitable education. The essay concludes with pedagogical proposals aimed at transforming history teaching, such as the critical analysis of materials, the expansion of the historiographical repertoire, the redefinition of language, and teacher training with a gender perspective, in pursuit of a more democratic education that is representative of historical diversity.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Gender
  topic: keywords
subject: school history
  topic: keywords
subject: citizenship
  topic: keywords
subject: representations
  topic: keywords
subject: women
  topic: keywords
subject: Education
  topic: disciplines
creator: Humberto Álvarez Sepúlveda
creator: Claudine Benoit Ríos
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Humberto Álvarez Sepúlveda, Claudine Benoit Ríos
date: 2025-08-29
publication date: 2025-08-29
starting page: e0068
ending page: e0068
doi: 10.21142/DES-1703-2025-0068

Changes in the contraventional regulations in Córdoba Province (Argentina): impact on police intervention modes regarding marginalized youth.
type: item
description: Following the 2016 contraventional reform in Córdoba Province (Argentina), official statistics recorded an abrupt decrease in preventive police detentions due to the application of the new regulation. This study aimed to examine the impact of this reduction on the exercise of police selectivity and violence toward young people from marginalized neighborhoods, who have historically been their primary victims. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore the perspectives of governmental and academic experts in security matters, and documentary sources (laws, statistical reports, and journalistic articles) were analyzed. Two pathways for the displacement of extra-systemic repressive power beyond contraventional measures were identified: a legal one, that compulsively relies on preventive detention and unrecorded illegal harassment. The existence of repressive components within police culture, reinforced by the pressure of citizen punitivism, helps explain the limitations of regulatory changes in curbing the persistent exercise of police discretion and violence.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Violence
  topic: keywords
subject: Police
  topic: keywords
subject: Disadvantage Youth
  topic: keywords
subject: Psicología social
  topic: disciplines
creator: Andrea Bonvillani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Andrea Bonvillani
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: e0098
ending page: e0098
doi: 10.21142/DES-1704-2025-0098

Factors associated with the probability of dropout in graduate students in Peruvian Universities in Metropolitan Lima
type: item
description: The present study aims to determine the influence of associated factors on the probability of dropout among graduate students in Peruvian universities. The research follows a quantitative approach, with a non-experimental, comparative, explanatory, and cross-sectional design. The population consisted of 100 graduate students from one private university and one public university. Based on a 95% confidence level, a sample of 80 students was calculated and selected through simple random probability sampling, ensuring that all members of the population had an equal chance of being chosen. To assess the influence of the associated factors on dropout probability, a structured questionnaire with 31 items was applied, achieving a high level of reliability (Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.892). The analysis was carried out using a binary logistic regression model, considering institutional, economic, emotional, and academic dimensions as predictor variables, in accordance with the methodological criteria proposed by Cohen (1988), Hair et al. (2010), and Nunnally and Bernstein (1994). The results show that these dimensions have a direct and significant impact on student dropout. In other words, the lower the development or presence of these dimensions, the greater the likelihood that students will abandon their studies, and vice versa.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: student dropout
  topic: keywords
subject: associated factors
  topic: keywords
subject: graduate studies
  topic: keywords
subject: Peruvian universities
  topic: keywords
subject: Education
  topic: disciplines
creator: Alvaro Guillermo Molero Farman
creator: Colbert Martin Carlos Soto-Rivera
creator: Ariana Maricela Lozano-Celi
creator: Fidel Antonio Chauca-Vidal
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Alvaro Guillermo Molero-Farman, Colbert Martin Carlos Soto-Rivera, Ariana Maricela Lozano-Celi, Fidel Antonio Chauca-Vidal
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: e0096
ending page: e0096
doi: 10.21142/DES-1704-2025-0096

Ventura García Calderón and José de la Riva-Agüero through their correspondence (1906-1938)
type: item
description: Ventura García Calderón (1886-1959) and José de la Riva-Agüero (1885-1945) were two of the most prominent exponents of the so-called Generation of 1900 or Generation of 1905. Their extensive intellectual output and careers as public figures reflect their relevance. The central objective of this research is to analyze how this friendly-intellectual relationship was maintained over time despite growing political differences. It is hypothesized that, despite these growing political differences, García Calderón chose to prioritize above all else a friendship forged since childhood. This research identifies affinities and differences; as well as contextualizes, describes, analyzes, compares, understands, explains, and interprets this long relationship that persisted despite political ups and downs. The sources consulted are the correspondence exchanged between them and some complementary texts. An examination of the documentation concludes that García Calderón was the main agent for preserving the friendship despite Riva-Agüero’s conservative stances and the turbulent political climate of the 1930s, characterized by political polarization, which left little room for liberal stances like those of García Calderón.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ventura García Calderón
  topic: keywords
subject: José de la Riva Agüero
  topic: keywords
subject: intelectuals
  topic: keywords
subject: letters
  topic: keywords
subject: 900 generation
  topic: keywords
subject: History
  topic: disciplines
creator: Javier Pérez Valdivia
creator: Daniel Morán
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Javier Pérez Valdivia, Daniel Morán
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: e0099
ending page: e0099
doi: 10.21142/DES-1704-2025-0099

Social imaginaries of security and crime in Chilean digital written press
type: item
description: This article examines the social imaginaries regarding security and crime in two editorially contrasting Chilean online newspapers: El Mercurio Online (EMOL) and El Ciudadano. Through a qualitative comparative content analysis, the news coverage of both outlets during April 2023 is examined, addressing the differences and similarities in their approaches. These findings are also contrasted with previous research on the Social Outbreak and other previous social movements in Chile. Divergent approaches are identified: EMOL emphasizes punitive solutions and crisis narratives to insecurity, while El Ciudadano criticizes government management and highlights social inequalities. In this sense, both outlets highlight security as a central issue, but with differentiated mediatizations. The construction of media discourses that reinforce or challenge hegemonic social imaginaries regarding security and crime is evident, as well as the configuration of social perceptions and associated political decision-making.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Social imaginaries
  topic: keywords
subject: security and delinquency
  topic: keywords
subject: Chilean digital written press
  topic: keywords
subject: Social and communication sciences
  topic: disciplines
creator: Oscar Basulto Gallegos
creator: Gabriela Tenorio Villalobos
creator: Agustín Parra López
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Oscar Basulto Gallegos, Gabriela Tenorio Villalobos, Agustín Parra López
date: 2025-08-29
publication date: 2025-08-29
starting page: e0051
ending page: e0051
doi: 10.21142/DES-1703-2025-0051

Floodplain cocoa as an expression of amazonian socio-biodiversity: The experience of the Tocantins Integration Region, Pará
type: item
description: This article looks at cocoa as an expression of socio-diversity and cultural heritage in the Tocantins Integration Region, in the state of Pará, and aims to analyze how the production of floodplain cocoa articulates ancestral knowledge, territoriality and market insertion. The research adopts a qualitative and quantitative approach, based on bibliographical and documentary analysis and fieldwork carried out with leaders of cooperatives and community associations on the islands of Angapijó (Mocajuba), Tamanduá Costa (Cametá), and Arauaia (Barcarena), located in the area's floodplain. The results indicate that floodplain cacao plays a significant role in generating income, environmental conservation, and preserving cultural identity. The conclusion is that the ancestral cocoa of the Tocantins region is an important asset, a vector for socio-territorial development, and a symbol of the resistance of the peoples of the forest, requiring public policies aimed at protecting and adding value to the product.
subject: Dossier
  topic: section
subject: Sociobiodiversity
  topic: keywords
subject: cultural heritage
  topic: keywords
subject: floodplain cocoa
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainability
  topic: keywords
subject: territoriality
  topic: keywords
subject: Geography
  topic: disciplines
creator: Shirlene Cardoso Gaia
creator: benedito cruz
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Shirlene Cardoso Gaia, Benedito Ely Valente da Cruz
date: 2025-08-29
publication date: 2025-08-29
starting page: e0047
ending page: e0047
doi: 10.21142/DES-1703-2025-0047

Decolonial Feminist Agency: Resistance of Landless Women at the Intersection of Gender and Nature
type: item
description: The agroecological experiences of Landless Women emerge from the valorization of productive backyards. Agroecological education occurs through the appreciation of empirical knowledge mediated by modern ecological knowledge, constructed in the dialogue of knowledge. Including these women in public procurement programs enabled gains in economic autonomy, greater agency, and the expansion of active subjectivity. Consequently, they developed new markets and skills. Challenges identified include the need for childcare spaces, confronting gender-based violence, work overload, and lack of funding. These demands are supported by popular peasant feminism. In their actions, they reflect on food, agriculture, gender, and agrarian reform, stimulate the construction of a critical socio-environmental praxis, advance in the decolonization of gender and nature, and advocate for the establishment of a democratic ethics of care for the multiple forms of life on Earth.
subject: Dossier
  topic: section
subject: Political ecology
  topic: keywords
subject: agroecological education
  topic: keywords
subject: agroecology
  topic: keywords
subject: decoloniality
  topic: keywords
subject: feminism
  topic: keywords
subject: Sociology
  topic: disciplines
creator: Cristiane Coradin
creator: Sonia Fátima Schwendler
creator: Alfio Brandenburg
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Cristiane Coradin, Sonia Fátima Schwendler, Alfio Brandenburg
date: 2025-08-29
publication date: 2025-08-29
starting page: e0046
ending page: e0046
doi: 10.21142/DES-1703-2025-0046

Territory and coloniality: Contemporary onto-epistemological gentrifications
type: item
description: The current processes of re-territorialization in Abya Yala expose colonial marks which remain alive in the ways of meaning, inhabiting and managing territories. This article socializes current doctoral research work about the meanings of education that trigger certain agencies in university extension projects. We originally defined the relationships between the academic and broader communities in terms of inter-territoriality, which enabled the recognition of the (de) colonial tension legacy-resistance in the treatment of otherness, as well as the concomitant epistemic gentrification. As the literary review and the fieldwork developed, however, we felt the need to explore neomaterialisms, neovitalisms and posthumanisms, as well as autoethnography, in methodological terms, to fulfil the promise of the ontological turn that (de)colonial perspectives have been announcing for decades now. Based on new definitions of territory, we hereby advance the value of Abya Yala and re-existence as powerful agencies to create new attention regimes to address contemporary educational relationships in university extension in intra and trans-territorial terms.
subject: Dossier
  topic: section
subject: (De)coloniality
  topic: keywords
subject: onto-epistemic gentrification
  topic: keywords
subject: re-existence
  topic: keywords
subject: territory
  topic: keywords
subject: Cultural Studies
  topic: disciplines
creator: Maria Marta Yedaide
creator: Paula Gambino
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Maria Marta Yedaide, Paula Gambino
date: 2025-08-29
publication date: 2025-08-29
starting page: e0045
ending page: e0045
doi: 10.21142/DES-1703-2025-0045

Unveiling authoritarian repression of insurgency in José Ricardo Morales’ play Los culpables
type: item
description: This article offers a critical analysis and discussion of José Ricardo Morales’ play Los culpables (1964), which may encourage critical reflection on Chile’s political reality concerning the repression of anti-authoritarian movements. The study aims to demonstrate the relevance of Morales’ play in contemporary Chile. This play serves as a case study to explore the playwright’s ideas regarding the repressive and authoritarian practices employed by a military government against citizens labeled insurgents, ultimately aiding in the examination of the Chilean context. Since this play represents various historical events linked to authoritarianism, particularly World War II and Francoism, we argue that it foreshadows the implementation of authoritarian practices by the state in Chilean society, including the state’s criminalization of protesters, insurgents, and anti-authoritarian movements in the 1960s and 1970s, as well as the criminalization of social movements during the recent 2019 Social Outbreak civil protests.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: José Ricardo Morales
  topic: keywords
subject: Los culpables
  topic: keywords
subject: authoritarian practices
  topic: keywords
subject: repressive cultural rhetorics
  topic: keywords
subject: Chilean politics
  topic: keywords
subject: literature
  topic: disciplines
subject: communication
  topic: disciplines
subject: social conflict
  topic: disciplines
subject: Cultural Studies
  topic: disciplines
creator: Juan Del Valle Rojas
creator: Pablo Valdivia Martin
creator: Konstantin Mierau
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Juan Del Valle Rojas, Pablo Valdivia Martin, Konstantin Mierau
date: 2025-08-29
publication date: 2025-08-29
starting page: e0048
ending page: e0048
doi: 10.21142/DES-1703-2025-0048

Indigenous Thought and Curricula in Public Policies: Is Epistemic Decolonization Possible from Mexican Universities?
type: item
description: In Latin America, various voices have questioned the role of universities in reproducing hegemonic epistemic structures. This article analyzes how five undergraduate programs in public policy, offered by Mexican public universities, incorporate—and to what extent—elements of Indigenous thought into their curricula as part of a possible curricular transformation that challenges the coloniality of knowledge. An analytical matrix based on four dimensions (epistemic, ontological, organizational, and political-ethical) was applied to evaluate the curricular designs through document analysis. The findings reveal limited incorporation, generally superficial or fragmented, with only one program showing significant progress in the organizational dimension. The study concludes that, although there are incipient efforts, most programs have yet to structurally integrate Indigenous epistemological and ontological frameworks that foster a dialogue of knowledges and challenge modern-colonial knowledge systems.
subject: Dossier
  topic: section
subject: Colonialism
  topic: keywords
subject: critical thinking
  topic: keywords
subject: teaching
  topic: keywords
subject: university
  topic: keywords
subject: Cultural studies
  topic: disciplines
creator: Edgar Andrés De la Cruz Rojas
creator: Manuel Lara Caballero
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Edgar Andrés De la Cruz Rojas, Manuel Lara Caballero
date: 2025-08-29
publication date: 2025-08-29
starting page: e0044
ending page: e0044
doi: 10.21142/DES-1703-2025-0044