Influence of acid rock drainage as a product of glacier retreat: Findings and mitigation proposals in the face of climate change

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21142/SS-0602-2025-e134

Keywords:

Water quality, acid rock drainage, climate change, Peru

Abstract

Climate change is intensifying glacier loss in Peru, directly affecting both the quality and availability of water in high Andean areas. This process leads to acid rock drainage (ARD), resulting from the exposure and oxidation of mineralized rocks following glacier retreat. Added to this are anthropogenic pressures such as mining, agriculture and a lack of sanitation infrastructure in rural areas, which further exacerbate the degradation of water resources. The aim of this policy brief is to summarize the key findings from studies conducted in areas with and without ARD influence, assessing physicochemical and biological indicators that determine water quality and its effects on populations and ecosystems. The results indicate a progressive decline in water quality, particularly in ARD-affected zones, where acidity and metal concentrations pose risks to both the environment and human health. In this context, this policy brief calls for the strengthening of integrated and preventive water management measures, and the prioritizing of sustainable remediation strategies such as phytoremediation, permeable reactive barriers and bioremediation systems, alongside greater investment in applied research and territorial planning.

Downloads

Published

2025-12-11