Sensors and Emerging Technologies for Sustainable Dairy Systems: A PRISMA Systematic Review (2010-2025)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21142/SS-0701-2026-e146Keywords:
Dairy industry, sensors, internet of things (IoT), precision livestock farming, sustainability, animal welfareAbstract
In this article, we present a PRISMA-guided systematic review of emerging technologies for sustainability in the dairy industry, based on a two-phase Scopus protocol with an operational publication window from January 1 2010 to November 10 2025. During Phase 1, a base corpus (2010-2023; n = 38 included studies) was consolidated, while Phase 2 consisted of a sensor-focused Scopus update (January 1 2024 to November 10 2025; additional n = 12), yielding a final corpus of 50 peer-reviewed studies. We placed sensor technologies —including on-animal wearables/accelerometers, rumen boluses, environmental monitors (e.g., THI/CO2/NH3), in-line milk/process sensors, and computer-vision/thermal systems— at the center of the analysis, in order to generate the real-time data streams that facilitate precision livestock farming, and to amplify the impact of artificial intelligence, renewable energy systems, water-efficiency strategies and animal-welfare tools. Across the relevant literature, sensors have been shown to contribute to carbon-footprint reduction, energy and water optimization, and livestock welfare, via early-warning health monitoring and data-driven decisions at the farm and along processing lines. However, critical gaps persist in the validation and standardization of sensor outputs, deployment in low-infrastructure contexts, and data governance/interoperability. Future research will be needed that prioritizes policy design for the adoption, socioeconomic impact assessment and scalable integration of sensor-enabled solutions in emerging rural settings, including benchmarking protocols and open datasets, in order to strengthen reproducibility.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Tobias Parodi, Eduardo Chalapud , Luis Mercado , Mariano Romero , Luis Parodi

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.








